The Effect of Errorless, Error Full Practice and Scaling Equipment Methods on Learning of Basketball Free Throw Skill in Children

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of errorless, error full and scaling equipment practice methods on learning of basketball free throw skill in children. 50 Boy students, 10–12 years old With a history of exercise three times a week selected and randomly divided into five groups of 10 people (Training with scaling equipment from a constant distance, Training with standard equipment from a constant distance, errorless- scaling equipment, errorless- standard equipment and error full- scaling equipment). Acquisition phase includes 5 sessions and each session was conducted 50 trials. Tests, included transfer and retention tests. Transfer test (10 throw from a distance of 3.5 meters with ball size 6 and the ring height 2.80 m) performed 10 minutes after the last trial on the last day of acquisition phase. The retention test were completed as a double transfer design with 10 throw from a distance of 3.5 meters with balls 5 and 7, with a ring height of 2.60 and 3.05 meters respectively, 24 h after the last session of Acquisition. Data was analyzed with dependent T-test, ANOVA and mixed ANOVA (at the significant level P=0.05). According to the accuracy variable, significant differences were not found between the 5 groups in retention and transfer tests. However throw pattern in groups practice with scaling equipment compared with no scaling equipment groups was better. In general, according the results of this study, it can be concluded that the use of scaling equipment training method leads to better learning of movement pattern in children.