Content Analysis of the Documentary Shock with Emphasis on the Theories of Social Deviation

Social deviations are among the behaviors that undoubtedly exist in every single society, and only the types, severity and frequency of that deviations vary from society to society. Society of Iran is no exception. The importance of repairing and reversing the inclinations to deviation is so urgent that if we do not understand the causes of the emergency situation today, the social system will be ready to collapse. Theories of social deviations can generally be found at a large-scale, proof-based, constructivist approach. The proof-based theory in the field of social deviation theory was originally proposed with theories that have more biological roots than sociological ones; the theories used in this study are under the same two paradigms. And includes the following: social pressure theories: The main question in the theory of social pressure is that why people are co-digging? The general response of this theory to the question is that factors in the society push some people and force them to coexist. Robert Merton said this pressure is due to the inability of a person to achieve socially acceptable goals. Likewise, Albert Cohen thinks failing to reach a high position in society is the reason for pressure; The community, while encouraging individuals to obtain status, does not provide access to them. According to Cohen, these people set up a "subculture" of delinquency to offset their failure to compete for dignity. Social learning theories: Cloward and Ohlin refer to the importance of legitimate and illegitimate opportunities in completing the theory of Sutherland. In their view, deviant people must have access to a suitable environment for the acquisition of values and learning the skills necessary to carry out their diversion role, so that after learning the role in this environment, they will continue their behavior with the support and encouragement of the group. The total number of social thinkers suggest that coexistence and coincidence are learned through similar processes, and coexistence is the result of learning deviant values and norms, especially within the framework of subcultures and peer groups, so the main thing in such theories is that individuals learn coexistence during their interaction and through certain processes. Social control theories: controlling theory has been one of the influential theories of the sociology of deviations in explaining and analyzing social coexistence. These theories are not the main cause of coexistence as social control. Therefore, it is assumed in social control theories that all naturally have a motive for committing coexistence and there is no need to explain these motives, but what needs explanation and explanation is to be consistent with social norms. Constructivism and coexistence: The constructivist approach to coexistence is based on three important hypotheses that have come to be known as "relativism", "subjectivism", and "empowerment" in the context of positivist arguments. Marxist views of prominent leaders such as William Chambliss, Maknoff, and Pierce emphasize the ineffectiveness of the law, the lack of reflection of the collective morale of members of society, and the monopolization of law and power among the ruling class of society. According to this view, power is in the hands of those who possess the forces of production and control.
Material & The method used most in the study of communicational means is content analysis. This method provides an opportunity for researchers to systematically study documents and systematize their observations on the content of communications media by counting certain items in the form of defined categories. In this study, a quantitative content analysis method was used that is descriptive of all kinds of research.
Discussion of Results and The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the existence or absence of sociological theories of deviations, which the results suggest is an abundance of different theories, although it is hard to find direct references to the sociology of deviations, since the presence of sociologists in this program is very weak. The other goals of this research are to find the most widely used and the most useful sociology of deviations in this program. The theory of pressure from Robert Merton with the most abundance of the most widely used theory and theories of law in practice of William Chambliss and the social reality of Richard Quinney without even mentioning the least amount of what they got. Why the theory of Merton is at the forefront can be due to the fact that today’s Iranian society is familiarizing itself with norms and new values through the transition from tradition to modernity, the development of cultural relations, and new norms that it has diminished previous values and norms, and of course, they still do not have enough power to stand up for the entire community. One of the most important of these values, which is the cause of many of the crimes set forth in this paper, is material values. With the expansion of capitalist and bourgeois outlook in developed countries and Iran as a developing country, money has been accepted as a desirable value among many people in society. This is despite the fact that there are no legitimate tools and legal means to achieve this goal for all the people of the society, especially in the current unfavorable economic conditions of Iran, which are faced with numerous challenges and crises.