Predicting Social Security Feeling on the Basis of Spirituality, Social Identity and Cultural Intelligence

social security feeling as a psychological and social phenomenon is influenced by the direct and indirect experiences of people from different social conditions, including the need to achieve a healthy life and the continuity of social relationships (Bahripour and Rastegarkhaled, 2013) . Therefore, security is a psycho-social process that is not experienced by individuals abstractly, but most people in the community have an essential role to play in creating and establishing it based on their needs, desires, mental and personal abilities. Social security feeling is a kind of mentality and positive psychological orientation. Green (2000) focuses in his research on security, specifically on issues related to identity, and states that five identities including tribal, national, ethnic, and Islamic identities are sufficiently capable of acting as security agents. On the other hand, cultural intelligence is defined as the ability to learn new patterns in cultural interactions and to provide correct behavioral responses to these patterns. Differences in language, ethnicity, values, norms, and in a statement of different cultures can appear as potential sources of contradiction (Hosseininasab and Qaderi, 2011). If there is a lack of understanding of these cultural differences, the feeling of social insecurity may increase. (Movahed and Hemmat, 2013; Mokhtari and others, 2013). On the other hand, Vegan (2003) sees spirituality as the highest level of growth in areas such as cognition, ethics and excitement, and considers it as an attitude that includes peak experiences and growth spheres (White and Others 2011). Spirituality is in fact the science of life and teaches humans how to maintain the health of their soul and body, and how to ensure their natural growth with an active and useful social life (Azhdarifard, Ghazi, and Noranipour, 2010). Research results show that there is a meaningful relationship between social security and social identity (Niyazi et al., 2011), cultural intelligence (Movahed and Hemmat, 2013) and spirituality (Mokhtari et al., 2012). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to predict the sense of social security based on spirituality, social identity and cultural intelligence.
The present research is a correlational study. The statistical population consists of all students of Arak Azad University whose total number is 17,000 students. Of these, 380 people were selected using cluster sampling. To collect data, social security feeling questionnaire (2011), Early and Angle cultural intelligence (2004), Shahidi and Farajnia mental attitudes (2012) and social identity of Safari Nia and Roshan (2011) were used. For data analysis, multivariate regression was used. SPSS software was used to analyze the data.
Discussion of Results and Findings indicate that there is a meaningful relationship between the social security feeling and spiritual level, spiritual attitude and spiritual ability. Social security feeling has a significant relationship with cultural intelligence, cultural recognition and cultural motivation, and is not related to cultural metacognition and cultural behavior. Social security feeling and social identity also have a meaningful relationship. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that social identity variable is the most important variable in predicting social security.
Social identity is a feeling of belonging and solidarity to a society, and any factor and phenomenon that causes disturbance in the sense of belonging and solidarity of the members of a group actually poses a threat to social security. According to the results of this research, it is possible to enhance the social security by promoting spirituality and cultural intelligence. In order to explain the absence of a relationship between spirituality and social security feeling, one can first and foremost refer to the present condition of mankind. There is a growing distance between the intellectual level of man and the spiritual principles which has caused confusion in human beings (Elahi,1380; quoted from Shahidi and Farajnia, 1391). According to Carrette and King (2005), spirituality presented to mankind in the contemporary world has a capitalist character and does not have a significant impact on lifestyle