A comparative study of human rights in Iran and Saudi Arabia with an emphasis on modern theories of sovereignty

Following the profound and wide-ranging developments that have occurred in the international relations scene in recent decades and have posed many questions to the human community, this article attempts to investigate the human rights issue in the framework of the monitoring mechanisms and its impact on the sovereignty of Iran and Saudi Arabia with a focus on modern theories of sovereignty. This means that the issue of human rights as an independent variable and the sovereignty of Iran and Saudi Arabia is considered as a dependent variable and the limitations for the two countries are to be explained. Of course, such an approach would in no way be a limitation of axial consideration of the human rights issue in relations between the two countries in global affairs. But corresponds to the role of this emerging phenomenon and is of interest to public opinion in today's world. A category that, in view of the widespread acceptance and interference, and in terms of the international obligations of governments, has limited the key elements of national sovereignty. And the question is, what are these challenges and their governance constraints for Iran and Saudi Arabia? And what restrictions does human rights impose on Iran and Saudi Arabia considering modern theories?