Effect of Corn, Wheat, and Green Sugarcane Residues on Soil Properties

The use of plant residues as fertilizer in sustainable agricultural systems is important in order to maintain soil fertility and achieve sustainable production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant residues of wheat, corn, and green sugarcane on some soil chemical properties. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University. To test the straw and wheat straw, corn, and sugarcane residues, three types of soils with silty loam texture, loam, and sand were added under incubation conditions in two periods of 30 and 120 days. Changes in organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, acidity, and soil salinity were investigated under different treatments of plant residues. The results showed that the amount of organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and soil acidity increased significantly with application of plant residues. Soil salinity was not affected by plant residues. Residues of sugarcane on the amount of organic carbon and acidity, wheat residues on potassium and nitrogen and corn residues on phosphorus and nitrogen had the most effect. In our research, it was found that maintaining 50% of plant residues, especially straw and wheat straw, not only improved the physicochemical conditions of the soil, but also the need for nutrient consumption decreased significantly