An Investigation and Criticism of [the Matter of] Evil and Its Relation with God's Existence from the Perspective of John Hick, Augustine and Theodicy of Irenaeus with an Emphasis on John Hick's book Evil and the God of Love'

John Hick believes Evil is an existential matter and has explained the Theodicy to justify and define it which gives it a new form. There are various views and theories about the existence of God, evil and good. Some believe the existence of evil is the most important and the single factor which causes the denial of God and some believers disagree. The metaphysical matter of evil and its relation with God's existence is discussed and criticized in this article. I will focus on John Hick's answer to the matter of evil; therefore I will present a report of the principles of evil and good from the perspective of John Hick to find the answer to this question: "what is the role of evil in the causal structure of universe". The purpose of this writing is to explain that there is no contradiction between the creation of the world by God and the existence of evils, and God is not the cause of evils and also the existence of evil is based on the Divine providence and necessity; but John Hick says we cannot understand the expediency of existence of evil and this is a mysterious matter for human.