Explaining reproduction of conflict between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America in South-West of Asia; in the era of After Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA); Returning to Neorealism.

Upon deciding to negotiate thetwo parties of Nuclear conflict namely Iran and 5+1countries and conclusion of “JCPOA” International agreement, it was supposed, this model may be used as a pattern for peaceful settlement of other disputes. But the changes after joint comprehensive plan of action, decreased the hopes to extend this model to other conflictable files. in the era of after JCPOA, not only Iran is known at the top security threats by the U. S. A and its traditional allies in the region, but the severity of balancing in the west of Asia is also increased. Among the international relations theories, Neorealism is enjoying from easier explanatory power and more realistic forecast than the future changes. In this article, we will answer the following question: What are the causes of the reproduction of the Iran-US conflict in the Middle East? What is in the post-war era? The main assumption of the paper is that, because of the continuation of the balance of power in the Middle East, we will see an increase in security rivalries with the aim of disturbing the current balance. As a result, the pattern of this agreement will be costly for other disputed issues for Iran