The effects of theophylline consumption on electrocardiography and performance traits of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of theophylline consumption on the electrocardiography indicators and performance traits of Japanese quails. The experimental diets including control (basal diet), and experimental diets containing of theophylline in levels of: 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 percentage of basal diet that supply almost amount 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg of the body weight, respectively. The result showed that the feed conversion ratio in quails fed by theophylline was significant (p<0.05) while average feed intake was greatly significant (p<0.01). Although, the width of the heart in male quails was significant (p<0.05). Also, average comparison wave QRS in interval three lead bipolar standard in quails male and female in interval leads was a significant decreasing (p<0.05). The results obtained of voltage leads showed indicate average comparison P waves in III lead in females were decreased (p<0.05). The voltage of the T waves in III lead of males was decreased (p<0.05). The voltage of P and T waves in males was decreased (p<0.05). In conclusion, the theophylline consumption, changes some ECG intervals. But did not show a significant change in heart rate and cardiac axis angle. Due to the lack of effect of theophylline on the viscera organs weight and good feed conversion in low level of theophylline, it could be used in the diet.