Numerical Solution and Investigation of the Effects of Nano Particle’s Distribution Functions on Force Convection Heat Transfer inside a Duct

Investigation of forced convection heat transfer of nanofluid with different distribution functions inside a duct is the subject of this article. The dispersive elements or nanoparticles can be distributed with different distributions such as parabolic, exponential and uniform functions. Injections of nanoparticles with various distribution functions into the fluid regime are compared to achieve maximum heat transfer. Due to the many applications of the parallel plates channel and also the pipe, as the flow duct, the numerical results for these two geometries are presented and compared. For a complete and useful comparison, the number of the dispersive elements is the same for each arrangement. For each of the distribution functions, the energy equation is dimensionlessed and solved numerically. The validation of results is verified by the analytical solution for a simple status of the problem. The presence of the nanoparticels with parabolic distribution and increase the particle size index decrease the Nusselt number and heat transfer characteristics with univocal form. For the exponential arrangement, increase the particle size index lead to an ascending-descending behavior for Nusselt number. Therefore in this distribution, the optimum size for dispersive elements is obtained.