Numerical simulation of FHD micro pump using magnetic field of permanent magnet

Nowadays, magnetic nanofluids have drawn a lot of attention toward themselves due to various applications in different fields such as medicine and industry. In this paper, for the first time new pumping method for magnetic nanofluids and ferro-fluids is presented. Moreover, magnetic nanofluid flow inside a rectangular channel under the effect of nonuniform magnetic field of permanent magnet is investigated. Iron oxide nanoparticles which lie completely homogeneous inside the based fluid of water are used. The governing equations obtained by adding the Kelvin body force term to the Navier-Stokes equations, and the equations are discretized using finite volume method and PISO algorithm. In order to study the effective parameters in the function of the FHD micro pump, a selected ranges of nanoparticles size, volume fraction of nanoparticles, saturated magnetization, and the length and width of the magnet are studied. The results demonstrate the increase in any of the mentioned parameters leads to rise in velocity magnitude inside the channel. Change in the diameter of magnetic nanoparticles has greatest effect on the velocity magnitude inside the channel. Furthermore, vertical magnet has better performance than horizontal one in FHD micro pump.