Loyalty, Recreation or Literary Creation in Translating Poems: Contrastive Analysis of Jami and Al-Farazdaq Eulogies of Imam al-Sajjad

Loyalty, recreation and literary creation are three distinct approaches in translation which are achieved in different layers of semantics, surface and tone while some are related to another. Loyalty is essential for recreation and without recreation, the translation will not be sufficiently expressive in the target language. Beyond recreation, literary creation offers an exquisite work without respecting the principle of loyalty. This exquisite work is different in many linguistic and even semantic layers from poetry that is more evident because of its literary features, especially if the translator is a tasteful poet. With the help of stylistic analysis, the current research tries to investigate the poem of Jami which has been written under the great influence of Al-Farazdaq’s fine eulogies in praise of Imam al-Sajjad. This is to determine the manner and measure of loyalty, recreation and literary recreation of the poem of Jami toward the poem of Al-Farazdaq, according to the features of Jami’s work and commonalities and distinctions among the two literary Pieces in domains of semantics, surface and Aesthetics. This research uses descriptive-analytical approach; however, in some cases statistical approach will be used to determine the amount of creativity and innovation or loyalty of Jami toward the original text. Considering the clear distinctions between the poem of Jami and Al-Farazdaq in the layers of phonetics, vocabulary, rhetoric, emotion and Syntax, Jami’s work is not only a loyal translation of the source text but also a translation which is comparable to something created and is related to the source in general. However, there is no corresponding relationship between them in terms of detail and verses.