Intractions of Monetary and Fiscal Policies in IRAN: BDSGE

The aim of this paper is to examine the interaction of monetary and fiscal policies in the Iranian economy. The study was conducted using a new Keynesian dynamic general equilibrium model with sticky prices and imperfect competition assumptions. The policy makers’ reaction functions were determined by optimizing objective functions for each economic condition. The model parameters were estimated using the Bayesian estimation method and the Dynare software.
The findings show that a monetary policy has a pro-cyclical behavior while a monetary policy is counter-cyclical. Also, the fiscal leadership hypothesis is accepted in Iran. It was also demonstrated that the central bank focuses on the stabilization of inflation while the government simultaneously stabilizes the inflation and production. According to the results, monetary and fiscal policies in Iran are strategic substitutes. In addition, monetary policies can be more effective than fiscal ones in stabilizing economic fluctuations.