Genetic Evaluation of Cumin and Caraway Using Eryngium planum Microsatellite Markers

Medicinal plants have special importance in terms of public health promotion and disease prevention with treatment. Among these medicinal plants, black and green cumin have a special place. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic similarity and genetic distance between two group (10 population) of cumin and caraway based on SSR markers. In Cumin, the number of allele amplified per primer was different from 2 (Ealp024) to 5 (Ealp245 and Ealp741) with average 3.25 and also in caraway, was from 2 (Ealp017, Ealp741, Ealp1349 and EalpD268) from 6 (Ealp1479 and Ealp024) with average (3.5). In Cumin, diversity index was different from 0.48 (Ealp024) to 0.89 (Ealp017) with average 0.61 and also in caraway was from 0.32 (Ealp741) to 0.8 (Ealp1479) with average (0.61). The highest Shanon diversity (0.28) and Nei diversity (0.20) were belong to caraway population of Neishabor and Jandagh and the lowest Shanon diversity (0.057 and 0.056) and Nei diversity (0.04) were belong to cumin population of Sabzvar and Neishabor. The fartherest population among cumin were cumin of Sabzvar and Gazbarkhoar and among caraway were caraway of Kerman and Neishabor. Partitioning variations within and between populations, using an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), showed that 13% and 87% of the total genetic variation respectively existed between and within growing regions. Eryngium planum Microsatellite Markers that were used and amplified in Cumin and Caraway approved evolution process and the present conserve sequence between Cumin, Caraway and Eryngium planum.