Callus induction and regeneration of bread wheat cultivars from Different explants

In the current study, the effect of growth regulators, type and composition of the culture medium, genotypes of the used cultivars and type of explants were investigated on the ability of callusing and regeneration of wheat cultivars. Material and methods: two culture media (N6, MS), three immature embryos, mature embryos and leaf cuttings were used. N6 medium containing growth regulator 2, 4-D was used for callusing of embryo and the leaf pieces, but for regeneration N6 medium containing growth regulators NAA, BAP and Kin was used. For calligraphy and regeneration of immature embryos, MS medium containing a variety of growth regulators were used. Callus induction and regeneration differed based on the genotype, type of explants and media composition. Chamran variety had the highest rate of callus and regeneration from immature embryo. For the adult embryo, the highest level of calligenesis and regeneration related to the C-D-9 line. In the case of leaf parts, the highest level of callus related to the C-D-9 at the level of 2, 4-D (2.4mg/L). The highest percentage of shoots belonged to the C-D-9 line that was obtained in N6 medium (6) containing IAA (1mg/L) + BA (1mg/L). Response to tissue culture in wheat is affected by several factors such as genotype, type of explants, growth regulators. Results proved that the type and concentration of used growth regulators in the culture medium differ among cultivars for callus induction and wheat regeneration. The most important factor affecting wheat cultivation was immature embryo explant and the genotype type of the used cultivar.