Shariati's Thoughts on the Status and Rights of Women in Islam

The issue of women and their relation to men have been important subjects discussed by many thinkers in this century, from different points of view, depending on their specialities. In this qualitative research, the view of Ali Shariati on women, their familial and social rights in relation to men have been studied and evaluated. He believed in the paramount importance of women in all social changes and developments. Distinguishing three types of women; traditional, so-called modernized and like-Fatima who is independent, and socially active and responsible, Shariati encouraged women to deny western values and way of life and follow Fatima’s steps in life and implement great values of Islam. Although there are some inconsistencies and masculism tendencies in his views, it can be discerned that he believed in women’s ontological equality to men, their independence, and freedom of choice and will. However, based on his belief in natural law and also in preference of family over the individual, he supported some differences in their roles and rights in the family, such as men's guardianship, their right to polygamy and temporary marriage. T the same time, highlighting women’s talent and capabilities and, considering social relations and institutes being constructed rather than natural, he encouraged women to social presence and participation. He did not delve in different aspects of such contribution and did not elaborate on their social and political rights and their boundaries in details, such as their rights to be elected or appointed in different positions.