In vitro study on the effect of Bisphenol A and vitamin C co-treatment on the viability and osteogenic differentiation of adult rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Introdution: Bisphenol A (BPA) disturbs the morphology, viability and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) to osteoblast via the production of free radicals. Vitamin C (vit-C) is a potent antioxidant and protects cells against oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of co-treatment of BPA and vitamin C as an antioxidant on the viability and osteogenic differentiation of rMSCs. In this experimental study, rMSCs were divided into 4 groups; control, BPA (200nM), BPA (200nM) + vit-C (300µM) as well as vit- C (300µM) and treated for 21 days in the osteogenic media. Then, cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, morphological changes and DNA breakage in different groups of cells were evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey‘s test and the means were considered significantly different at P<0.05. A significant reduction in the cell viability, bone matrix mineralization, alkalin phosphatase activity and intracellular calcium concentration (P<0.001) as well as a considerable increase in DNA breakage was seen in the BPA group compared to the control. The above parameters were compensated in the BPA + Vit-C group to the control level. The results of this investigation showed that Vit-C can compensate the adverse effects of BPA on the viability and osteogenic differentiation of rMSCs