Determining of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO NPs) LC50 in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and Its Effects on Hematological and Liver Enzymes Activity Indices

In this study, the effects of different levels of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPS) were evaluated on hematological indices and liver enzymes activity of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Firstly, 150 fish (with mean weigh 38± 5 g) exposed under different concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles for 96 hours and were recorded daily losses. As a result, the concentration of lethal toxicity (LC50) nano-copper oxide for grass carp was obtained 2589.14±0.5 mg/l. Then the fish exposed under sub-lethal concentrations (1/20, 1/30 and 1/50 concentration LC50) copper oxide nanoparticles for 10 days that were measured hematological indices and liver enzyme activities in fish. The results showed that the nano-particles causes changes in the blood parameters of the fish that these changes was affected by the nano-particles in blood indices by reducing the level of red blood cells (RBC), Hematocrit and increase in white blood cells (WBC) and liver enzymes in treatment groups (p<0.05). Finally, the results suggested that copper nanoparticles in the high level could side effect on the fish health. Therefore, preventing the entry of these new materials into the food chain of aquatic organisms seems to be necessary.