Neurotransmitters Play as a Key Role in Adult Neurogenesis

New neurons are constantly created in specific areas of the adult brain and functionally integrated into neuronal networks. Neural stem cells exist in specific microenvironments in the brain called the stem cell niches. It has been shown that neurotransmitters provide vital components of the niche signals and modulate several aspects of neurogenesis. It has been demonstrated that changes in neurotransmitter signaling may influence adult neurogenesis. Further works are required to clarify how neurotransmitter signaling pathways control neurogenesis. In this review, we discuss how neurotransmitter signaling regulates the development of new functional neurons. We also review the potential roles of neurotransmitters for cell therapy.