Effect of developmental stages on microbial community during in wheat rhizosphere

Plants have many microorganisms in their different tissues which have effects on the plant as a host in many ways. Rhizosphere that exist around the root is the most significant of era for microorganisms. Root associated bacteria are critical for plant growth and health. Understanding the combination and role of root microbiota is crucial toward agricultural practices that are less dependent on chemical fertilization, which has known negative effects on the environment and human health. It has been estimated based on common approach that less than 1% of the total microbial population in dry lands have been successfully isolated in pure culture. Next generation techniques provide the possibilities of these communities through culture independent methods by metagenomics. In this study the wheat rhizosphere bacteria in dry farming without rotation cultivation during vegetative and flowering stages were identified based on 16srRNA sequencing. Results showed different distributions of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria and also specific genera. Based on these results, plant choose specific collection of bacteria according to developmental stage that are suitable for plant health. Since the identification of bacteria communities are main prerequisites for detection of individual functions, metagenomics can provide important answers about these huge unculturable portion.