Investigation of Laminar and Turbulent of Natural Convection of Nanofluid in a Trapezoidal Enclosure under the Influence of Magnetic Field

The flow affected by a magnetic field is applied in cooling electronic devices and voltage transformers and in physical phenomenon such as geology. In this study, the effects of magnetic field on the flow field and heat transfer of Cu-water nanofluid natural convection and by considering the Brownian motion of nanoparticles have been studied in a trapezoidal enclosure. The study has been done for Rayleigh numbers 103 to 1010, Hartmann numbers 0 to 100 and the nanoparticles volume fraction of 0 to 0.04. The governing equations have been solved numerically by use of finite volume method and SIMPLER algorithm. The results showed that by applying the magnetic field and increasing it, the nanofluid convection and the strength of flow decrease and the flow tends toward natural convection and finally toward pure conduction. For all of the Reynolds numbers and volume fractions which are considered, by increasing the Hartmann number, the average Nusselt number decreases.