The presence of animals in Shahnameh with a view to the allegorical and symbolic role

One of the reasons for the charm of the epic tales is the presence of animals in Shahnameh with a symbolic and allegorical effect. Ferdowsi has been able to enjoy animals to increase the content of the Shahnameh with perfect art. Of course, it should be noted that the scope of parables in literature has a long history and playing roleby the animalshas been emphasized in Iranian literary culture. In such a culture, the story and allegory were current in human life, and for this reason it always considered a social, political, and even historic role for animals that was divided into different types such as mystical allegory, epic parable, political parable, … and animals have various kinds and in this regard, the characters who have an intermediate aspect are either gray or neutral, and sometimes multi-faceted. Ferdowsi has been able to illustrate the bond between human beings and animals by creating the animal's personality as well as passion in the stories of the Shahnameh with the art of allegory, and for its ethical teachings, which have epic and mythical colors and use well. The animals of Shahnameh stand alone as an example of an allegorical example of adventures and attractive events.