Adaptability and comparison of bunch and berry characteristic of some commercial foreign and Iranian grape cultivars in Urmia

Bidaneh sefid is one of major cultivars that grow in West Azerbaijan province. Due to high production and mid ripening, every year huge problems occurs for its fruit marketing. For replacement and establishment of new vineyards, it is essential to use commercial cultivars with acceptable yield and early fruit ripening. To evaluate and compare quantitative and qualitative traits of some Iranian grapevine cultivars (Bidane sefid Qazvin, Khalili sefid) with six foreign cultivars (Thompson seedless, Flame seedless, Perllete, Fiesta, Ruby seedless and Black seedless) this study was carried out from 2010-2012 as RCBD design with four replications in Kahriz Horticulture Research Station, Urmia. Cultivars were prorogated in 2004-2005. Rooted cutting were transferred to the vineyard and trained as high bi lateral cordon system. The measured traits included, yield, berry and bunch length, width and weight, Total Soluble Solid (TSS), Titrable Acidy (TA), pH, shot berry and Bunch Stem Necrosis (BSN) incidence rate and phonological time. In the most measured traits there were significant differences among cultivars and studied years. The maximum mean of fruit yield were recorded in Khalili Sefid, Thompson seedless, flame seedless and Fiesta in three years, respectively. They showed high yield as compared to other grape cultivars. Maximum bunch and berry weight were observed in Fiesta and Ruby seedless cultivars, respectively. The most and the least TSS was recorded in Bidaneh Sefid and Khalili, respectively. Shot berry incidence rate was different among cultivars and studied years. Perllete cultivar was prone to shot berry production. Based on these results, Thompson seedless was acceptable because of earliness in ripening, higher yield with better fruit quality for marketing and is recommended as adapted and more suitable cultivar for cultivation in the Urmia region.