Hudud (fixed punishments) involved in the article 220 of Islamic punishment
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Abstract:
Only 12 cases from hudud are mentioned in the Islamic punishment law of 1392, and of course under the article 220 of civil law. Other hudud punishments are referred to the other legally valid sources and fatwas (legal opinion issued by a jurisprudent).
Therefore to examine the hudud involved in the article 220 CL, one should refer to the sources in Feqh (jurisprudence).
Through observing faqih's words (experts in figh), it is found out that according to the most of faqihs' viewpoints, punishments of some offences like apostasy, prophecy claim and wizardry are from hudud punishments and they are involved in the article 220 CL.
Some offences such as trading freemen, getting married to dhimmi(non-Muslims living in Islamic state) women without permission from the Muslim wife, and kissing a boy lustfully, although according to a few of Faqihs are counted as hudud punishments, in viewpoints(punishments decided by the judge of a canonical court).
Also in faqihs' word for some of the criminal designations sauch as Mustahil Moharramat (one who introduces Haram (forbidden) as legitimate), bandit, burglar, suffocater and exhumer has been determined fixed punishments (hadd) like execution and cutting of hand. But these cases are not independent and are referred to one of the hudud titles.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Jurisprudence and Ijtihad, Volume:2 Issue: 3, 2015
Page:
39
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