Evaluation of toxicity and anti-metastatic effects of Cerium oxide nanoparticles on human breast cancer MCF-7 and T47D cell lines

In the present study, The anti-metastatic and cytotoxicity effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on two MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines have been studied. Material and methods: MCF-7 and T47D breast cell lines and normal HEK293 cells were treated with 6.5 mg, 650μg, 65μg, 650ng, 65 ng of cerium oxide nanoparticles and MTT analysis was performed to investigate the toxicity of nanoparticles. Then, NM23 and KAI-1 genes expression were measured by real-time PCR method. Concentrations of 650 μg and 6.5 mg of CNP resulted in approximately 60% death of MCF-7 and T47D cells. Also, in treatment of normal cells with a concentration of 6.5 mg of CNP, Reduced survival of 25% was observed. Gene expression analysis showed that the two anti-metastatic NM23 and KAI-1 genes did not increase expression under CNP treatment. According to the results of this study, the cerium oxide nanoparticles have toxic effects on breast cancer cells, However, this effect varies dose and type of cell line dependent. On the other hand, the study of the anti-metastatic expression of genes showed that this nanoparticle is not capable of enhancing the expression of these genes and therefore is ineffective in controlling cell invasion and is likely to exert its anticancer effect through induction of cell death.