The Study of the Literary-Philosophical Concept of Human State in Samuel Beckett’s Dramatic Literature Translated to Persian

In the early fiftieth decade, following a break with the traditional bourgeois theater, a form of dramatic literature emerged in France. Its aim was to transfer the exhaustion and disintegration of the language of expression instead of representing the reality. This construct is the result of disappearance of human-humanistic values and anti-rationalism that together raised the important philosophical-literary question in the literary circles (the Circle of Theater of the Absurd): Has the existence become meaningless and immortal? It should be noted that the striking social-political events of 1939-1945 in Western Europe strongly influenced contemporary human thoughts and created other directions in cultural, philosophical and literary structure. In this regard, Samuel Beckett has gone further than his other contemporary rival play writers of that era (the 50th Golden Decade of the Twentieth Century) and with a profoundly philosophical look pointed to the philosophical content of the “human state” and all his thoughts and concerns witness this important issue depicting that the man feels loneliness and indigence in life. This article aimed at studying the intellectual-linguistic deconstruction in Samuel Beckett’s dramatic literature from the perspective of his three famous plays of “Waiting for Godot”, “End of the Game” and “Good Days”. This literature uses any possible language and play to express the important issue of human state and the existence meaninglessness with a ridiculous and humorous statement.