Iran's economic diplomacy in Afghanistan and its management of water disputes between the two countries (With Institutional economy approach)

Throughout centuries, Iran and Afghanistan have experienced almost peaceful neighborly, through presence in a common civilian and geographic context. Of course, this territorial proximity with some other causes, has created a contradiction, especially as regards the rate of exploitation of shared river water. Two sides have so far resorted to managing disputes in different ways, but have not had a clear outcome. This article is intended to explain and introduce economic diplomacy as a profitable element and an effective leverage in managing disputes between the two countries. In this regard, using the "qualitative method" (explanation and analysis), this hypothesis is assessed that "the interdependence of the economy and trade of Afghanistan and Iran and the existence of complementary economic capabilities and advantages, provide opportunity to engage the Afghan side to manage the water disputes". In this research, with emphasis on "economic diplomacy" in Iran's foreign policy in Afghanistan, findings such as exports, transit of goods, export of electricity and mechanized irrigation technology to Afghanistan, and the exchange of oil products with water are expressed that accordingly, expansion and deepening of commercial, financial and investment affiliation could encourage and persuade the sides to achieve a fair solution to use shared waters.