Vena Cava and Left Renal Vein Variations and Association with Other Anomalies Including Horseshoe Kidney

The purpose of this study was to detect the types and prevalences of vena cava variations, as well as looking for gender differences and associating anomalies. Patients and The computed tomography (CT) images of 5763 patients who had undergone thorax and abdominal CT examinations were evaluated retrospectively for superior vena cava (SVC), inferior vena cava (IVC), and left renal vein (LRV) variations. Vena cava variations were detected in 637 (11%) patients. SVC variations were present in 15 (0.26%) patients, while 36 (0.64%) patients had IVC, and 596 patients (10.34%) had LRV variations. It was also shown that there was no difference between the prevalences of the variations in terms of gender difference. When associating anomalies were evaluated, it was seen that there was a significant increase in the risk of observing the horseshoe kidney anomaly in patients with retroaortic left renal vein (RALRV) variation. Vena cava variations are not rare. When present, they may coexist with other vena cava variations or other variations. These variations can easily be detected on CT. Properly characterizing and classifying IVC variations is crucial for proper planning of surgical interventions and transvenous interventions to prevent serious complications and failures.