Effects of IL-4 and RANKL synergism on survival of peripheral blood monocytes in patients with giant cell granuloma

Giant cell granuloma is a non-neoplastic lesion that is characterized by the fact that granulation tissue proliferation has many multiples of giant cells.Considering the role of IL-4 and RANKL in the pathogens of the disease in this study, we investigated the synergism effects of these two factors on the survival of monocytes isolated from peripheral blood in patients with giant cell granuloma compared with healthy subjects. After blood collection of patients with giant cell granuloma and healthy individuals, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by ficoll density gradient centrifugation and the monocytes were isolated using human Monocyte Isolation Kit II. Isolated monocytes were then cultured in the absence or presence of IL-4 and RANKL (10 and 20 ng/mL) for five days. After morphological examination by inverted microscope, following MTT assay was performed to determine proliferation. The results showed a difference in the survival of monocytes in comparison between the patient group and the healthy group after the treatment period. On the other hand, in both patient and healthy groups, the number of treated cells was higher in comparison to untreated control groups, which in the groups treated with morphological evidence showed a change in favor of the formation of giant cells. Both IL-4 and RANKL factors increased the survival of monocytes in comparison with the control group. The results of this study showed the increased survival and the number of monocytes isolated from peripheral blood in patients with giant cell granuloma by IL-4 and RANKL factors, with the creation of morphology of giant cell. These results indicate that IL-4 and RANKL factors are involved in the onset of malignant disease