Evaluation anti oxidant potential Lactobacillus plantarum nano/microencapsulated by alginat/chitosan on great sturgeon (Huso huso)

The consumption of probiotics in aquaculture is constantly growing due to the numerous benefits conferred on the fish health. Degradation of probiotics in gastrointestinal tract is one of the most important challenges in probiotic efficacy. Encapsulating probiotics within a physical barrier has been found to increase probiotic viability in fish gastrointestinal tract. In this study the effect of encapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum with alginate/chitosan nano-particles in in vitro situation and their effects in Huso huso were evaluated. Firstly, in vitro probiotic properties, including: pH and bile resistances, gastrointestinal juice tolerance was evaluated. Then effects of encapsulated probiotic were evaluated in Huso huso. 480 juvenile H. huso were randomly divided into four treatments in triplicates. Fish in T1 were fed with alginate/chitosan enriched free probiotic diet, T2 received encapsulated L. plantarum, T3 received bacteria without any encapsulation and T4 received basic diet as a control group. All treatments fed with experimental diets for 60 days and study lasted for 15 days with control diet in all fish. Fish samples were taken on days 30, 60 and 75 and biochemical, anti-oxidant enzyme and liver enzyme compared among the treatments. Results of first phase of study showed that mostly all probiotic properties of encapsulated bacteria were more appropriate than control treatment (P<0.05). The higher activity of glutathione peroxidase enzyme and superoxide dismutaseof plasma were observed in treatment fed with L. plantarum nano/microencapsulated and alginate/chitosan at day 30 and 60, whereas higher activity Malondialdehyde (MDA) of plasma was observed in treatment fed with L. plantarum nano/micro-encapsulated at day 30 and higher catalase activity of plasma was observed in treatment fed with L. plantarum at day 30. Then it can be concluded that nano encapsulation of L. plantarum with alginate/chitosan not only improved in vitro probiotic effects of L. plantarum, but also it can increase growth performance indices and immunological parameters of H. huso and could improve the positive performance of probiotics activity.