Effect of zedo gum - Zataria multiflora essential oil nanoemulsion in the inhibition of free radical intercellular and expression of the NAD(P)H oxidase gene in wheat

The production of reactive oxygen species, such as hydrogen peroxide is inevitable in aerobic metabolism. Since, these compounds are effective at different concentration in a variety of processes in the cell and their excessive production lead to oxidative stresses, Therefore, their concentration must be controlled. In this study, Zataria multiflora essential oil with abundant phenolic compounds (thymol, carvacrol), and zedo gum polymers were used to encapsulate nanoemulsion production. The effect of zedo gum - Zataria multiflora essential oil nanoemulsion were investigated in the inhibition of ABTS (2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid), hydrogen peroxide free radicals intercellular and expression of the (NOX:NAD(P)H oxidase) gene with accession number AY561153 (the largest producer of reactive oxygen species). Nanoemulsion with 88 mg/gr phenol content showed a high ability to inhibit the free radical ABTS and hydrogen peroxide. On the other hand, at concentration of 25 and 50 µg/ml increased the expression of NOX and at concentration of 100, 150 and 200 µg/ml decreased it. Our results showed that, different concentration of nanoemulsion have different effect on reactive oxygen species and, therefore, they have the ability to control oxidative stresses.