The Analysis of Folk Culture in the Novel Baftehaye Ranj by Ali Mohammad Afghani

Reflection in the native and national culture leads to our deep acquaintance with the culture of society and the tendency toward the recognition of the collective and historical identity; this recognition is the confirmation of the cultural originality that a person accesses a historical identity and the root.  Literary works which are considered to be the entirety of the culture of every society, can be regarded as the most appropriate way for a better understanding of folklore. In other words, knowing about the various aspects of the popular culture of a community can be possible through study and engagement in the literary works of that society. This study is intended to address the various dimensions of folklore in the novel of Baftehaye Ranj by Ali Mohammad Afghani and reveals the hidden aspects. The result of this research is that the structure of folk culture in the novel has been particularly striking in the realm of suffering, and the spirit of the popular culture in the community has been outstanding in the body of this novel. Given the Marxist tendencies of the Afghani and his membership in the Tudeh party, in this novel, the call for elements of folklore - such as religious beliefs, terminology and dialect, the folk poem, verses and proverbs are considered to be anti-colonialism and anti-imperialist responses and a move towards the removal of society and a step towards the preservation and consolidation of national and indigenous culture.