The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Endurance Training on Gene Expression of Adiponectin and TNF-α in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous endurance training (E) on gene expression of adiponectin and TNF-α in type 2 diabetic rats. 24 Wistar rats (weight 160 ± 10 g) were divided into three groups: control, high intensity interval training and continuous endurance training after 7 months of high-fat diet containing fructose. The training groups performed the training protocol for 8 weeks / 5 days a week. The gene expression of adiponectin and TNF-α were measured from visceral fat tissue and glucose and insulin were measured from plasma and insulin resistance index was calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Pearson correlation. Both types of training significantly increased the expression of adiponectin (P=0.016), but there was no significant difference between the two training groups (P=0.932). The gene expression of TNF-α decreased in training groups and this decrease was more prominent in the HIIT group (P=0.001). There was a significant relationship between reduction of insulin resistance and reduction of TNF-α gene expression (P<0.001, r=0.09) and increase of adiponectin gene expression (P=0.002, r= -0.7). HIIT may have an effective role in the balance between anti-inflammatory and inflammatory factors and regulation of insulin resistance in rats with type 2 diabetes.