Impact of family-centered empowerment on perceived threat and self-efficacy of diabetic elderly at risk of falling

Diabetic elderly people are at risk of falling due to underlying illnesses or physical disabilities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of family-centered empowerment model on perceived threat and self-efficacy of diabetic elderly at risk of falling. This clinical trial study was conducted on 60 elderly people and 60 active family members of the elderly with type 2 diabetic, who were at risk of falling and referred to the Endocrinology Subspecialty Office in Bojnourd in 2016. Samples were selected randomly and divided into two groups: control group (n=30) and experimental group (n=30). Family-based empowerment intervention in the experimental group was performed through individual training, group discussion, display and practical participation. Control group received only the usual care in the clinic. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, and a perceived threat and self-efficacy questionnaire. Perceived threat (sensitivity and severity) and self-efficacy of both groups were evaluated before and after the end of intervention. The mean and standard deviation of perceived threat scores (severity and sensitivity) and self-efficacy increased in the experimental group after intervention. Paired t-test showed significant difference. In the control group, there was no significant difference in mean and standard deviation of perceived threat scores (severity and sensitivity) and self-efficacy before and three months after intervention. According to the results, implementation of family-centered empowerment program with the aim of increasing the knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy, which results in self-control and preventive behaviors is necessary to improve the quality of life of the diabetic elderly.