Public Supervision of Government in Political Jurisprudence With Emphasis on Religious Fundamentalism

Fundamentalism refers to a wide range of intellectual and political movements that are characterized by religious cause and identity as well as motivated by political objectives in their efforts to revive religious beliefs.  Religious fundamentalists insist on the necessity of reforming the society and social relations based the fundamentals of faith. Muslim fundamentalists, however, maintain that Islam is a perfect and comprehensive religion also encompassing society and politics. On the other hand, an important issue, which has always drawn the attention of various schools and has also been discussed in politics, relates to public supervision of the process of government with the aim of limiting rulers' power and preventing its misuse and abuse on their part. Thus, in religion certain levers are in place to control and monitor them. The present article using a descriptive – analytical method in examining certain existing criteria and procedures, seeks to study and trace back public supervision of the government and its origins in religious teachings as well as in the normative conduct of the Prophet of Islam and his righteous successors i.e. the infallible Imams, so as to examine whether or not party mechanism (as a product of modernity) is acceptable.