Professional Ethics in social sciences and practical reason

The relation between Ethics and social phenomena could be studding by investigating the roots of professional Ethics in social sciences. This article tries to define professional Ethics by focusing on it under a social theory. The separation between "morals of professions and their laws" and "Ethics and professions as universal law of ethics in all humanistic professions" actually is separation between two kinds of norms in social institutions. Although the first set is generally called professional Ethics but those are norms of social groups and the second emphasize at entering the common moral values of human in all professions. In the works of Emile Durkheim we can see the first functions of this explanation. He deduces the concept of professional Ethics from the theory of mechanic and organic solidarity. In this theory, Ethics is outcome from society. But practical wisdom in Islamic philosophy is the base of Ethics. Practical wisdom by the rational law of goodness issues the universal law of Ethics and by the other side of wisdom which is called strategic reason could overcome the ambiguity of the explanation of professional ethics.