Improvement of the Bee algorithm based on fuzzy set theory and gravitational search algorithm in VANETs

In this paper, a new protocol to select cluster-heads and improve the Bee algorithm in order to routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), which utilizes fuzzy set theory, is proposed. As regards the rapid topology change and congestion in VANETs lead to links failure, the proposed protocol calculates the validity value of each node and link based on the connectivity and the congestion level of the links of the route. Despite the importance of achieving optimal membership function in fuzzy inference system, Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is employed to tune the fuzzy membership functions (MFs). Finally, the proposed protocol is simulated by MATLAB and compared with other routing protocols such as AODV, VANET QoS-OLSR and Bee algorithm that experimental results show that this algorithm achieves high data packet delivery ratio and low end to end delay.