Non-invasive Prenatal Testing: New Prospects to Personalized Prenatal Medicine

Recent works have discovered, the focus on prenatal diagnosis have now opened up new start for a more detailed analysis of fetal genetics and genomics. The non-invasive diagnostic techniques are safe and effective tools that can provide a greater understanding of the fetus development and progresses, genetic fetal disorders and new approaches for treatment. There is growing evidence that the fetal assessment using transcriptomic analyses such as cell-free DNA and RNA molecules in the mater nal blood are critical biomarkers for prenatal diagnosis. Transcriptoms are stable and present in blood circulation and amniotic fluid from pregnant women and rapidly growing number of reports of these molecules as biomarkers for various diseases and can be regulated by different stage of pregnancy. The objectives of this review are I) explain the advances in molecular testing for analyzing fetal development and progress for prenatal diagnostics. II) Provide a summary of application and type of genetic material to personalized prenatal medicine. Therefore analysis of the transcriptome will help to overcome some of the limitations of current methods to attain ensure the quality and safety of the test and led to reduction invasive procedures and miscarriage.