Evaluation on the Role of Grouting Pressure in Filtration of Cement- based Grouts According to Examples of Soft Rocks

There are several outstanding factors engaged in the cement grouts filtration. These factors can be evaluated from some aspects including the characteristics of the grout, cement and grouting materials, grouting environment, interaction between the grout and environment and grouting pressure among which fewer studies have been performed on the role of the grouting pressure in the grout filtration. In this research practical results of cement grouting have been reviewed in two dam projects as examples. The results depict that the increase in the grouting pressure considerably affects the rate of cement take and penetration. In practice, the cement penetration into the rock is higher when the grouting pressure is variable. This is vice versa under constant grouting pressure. In other words, the increasing steps of grouting pressure may erode the grout cake at each stage. This leads to optimal penetration of the grout and decreases the watertightening costs of the dam foundation, tunnels and structures requiring cement grouting.