The Relationship Between Information and Policy Makers Analysis of the Possible Sources of Tension

This study, considering the relationship between information and politics, seeks to answer the question, "What are the contexts and resources of the tension between information and policy makers?" To this end, the author first attempts to examine and specify the status of information in the context of policy. In this section, it is stated that information in its general sense is entirely in the service of the state and the political system and, in its most general sense, is a policy-dependent variable. Policies will organize, direct and monitor information and, if necessary, change the information. It then looks at the existing relationship between information and politics. In this regard, five approaches are recognized: the traditionalist approach (Kent), the complete separation and independence of information from politics; the pragmatist approach (Gates); the context of the information policy by participating in the policy process; the pendulum theory; the Permanent movement of information between the two traditionalist and pragmatist theories; spectrum theory (Bar-Joseph), the fourfold spectrum of approaches to information and politics from complete separation to complete integration; autocratic approach; digestion of information in politics. In the end, the areas of tension between information and policy makers are investigated based on field research in the framework of grounded theory, using deep interviewing tools as well as secondary sources. The results show that cultural differences between these two are the most important factors in creating tension in the relationship between information and politics. In addition, other areas of tension are identified and introduced