The Analysis of Saudi Arabia’s Security Problem within the Framework of the Balance Theory Threat

The issue of existential security has been a major concern for Saudi Arabia since the formation of this regime. And due to the high profile of the role of transnational identities and the lack of development and maturity of the national government in the region, using this issue as a pretext by any of the powerful powers of the region, in particular, Egypt, Iraq and Iran could create a serious challenge to the country’s existential identity. According to Stefan Walt’s threat balance theory, Saudi Arabia is geographically located with these three countries, which remains a permanent element. The three countries also have significant military capabilities to adopt an aggressive approach. Based on war indicators such as the powerful army and diverse and advanced military weapons, and also objective examples such as resorting to war such as the war between the two regional powers of Iraq and Iran, or Egypt’s multiple engagement in the war on Israel , have the potential to start a war. In terms of hostile intentions, these three countries, at different intervals and in different stages, explicitly or implicitly as viewed by Saudi leaders, have declared their hostile intentions against its government, especially as these ideals are revealed in the ideological context of Pan Arabism by Egypt and Iraq and pan Islamism by Islamic republic of Iran, the feeling of threat to the Saudi family became doubled. The main question of the current study is that; how these continuing security threats affect the security of the Saudi family. And it was hypothesized that the Saudi family uses the trick of security against oil through its alliance with the United States to maintain its security. As a result, the United States is committed to protecting the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from any foreign threat. The research method in this study is explanatory and the data was collected using library and internet resources