An Analytical Look on History of Islamic Medical Ethics: A Case Study of Ibn al-Ja'zar, Ahwazi, Ibn Sina, and Jorjani Books

Studying the history of medical ethics and analyzing the dynamics and effects of renowned physicians of the Islamic era and the exploitation of this precious heritage is indispensable. Therefore, in this research, by descriptive-analytic approach, , the books of Teb Al-fukhara and Al-Masakin, Ibn al-Jazar, Full medical industry, Ahvazi, Law in Medicine of Ibn Sina, and Kharazmshahi Save of Jorjani were investigated, by analyzing the guidelines and ethical recommendations contained in the physician and patient interactions, as well as their practical applications in this regard, six important principles of Islamic medical ethics were attained: trust in God, profitability, harmlessness, trusteeship, compassion, and goodness. Two principles of profitability and harmlessness have been more emphasized than other ones, which can indicate the significance of these two ethical principles in Islamic teachings. The ethical issues in the field of medical sciences during the Islamic period did not have the diversity, breadth, and necessity of the present. Thus, in pre-natal and human-era discussions, only the prohibition of abortion is mentioned and there is no debate about the end-of-life care of the patient.