Removal of anionic Congo red dye from industrial effluent using nanomaterials

Organic stable colors are pollutants, despite their toxic nature and high stability in aqueous solution, are widely used in various industries. The elimination of these toxic compounds from industrial waste before its enters the receiving water resources is important. This process is widely used in the design of color removal stages in the wastewater treatment for its simplicity and high efficiency. Application of nanomaterials in dye wastewater treatment has received wide attention in recent years. In this study, highlights recent developments in the use of nanomaterials for the adsorption of Congo red from wastewater. In addition to, Specific adsorption mechanisms, improvements, particularly for increasing adsorption capacities, are discussed for each nanomaterial. The aim of this paper is that the ability of nanomaterials in removal of Congo red from aqueous solutions. This is a reviewing research which is done by librarian method and using the existing documents. In this paper, highlights recent developments in the use of nanomaterials for the adsorption of Congo red from wastewater. In addition to, Specific adsorption mechanisms, improvements, particularly for increasing adsorption capacities, are discussed for each nanomaterial. Although both nanomaterials and activated carbon have considerably high surface areas, some nanomaterials have two main advantages over activated carbon as adsorbents: they can be easily synthesized at a lower cost and smaller amounts are required for effective removal of pollutants. The results indicated that nanomaterials can be effectively used for treating wastewaters containing Congo red anionic azo dye.