In vivo Comparative Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles and Bio-productivity in Zebrafish (Embryo and Adult Stages)

The bio-toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the aquatic ecosystem and the detection of lethal concentrations of this material are of importance. The aim of this study was in vivo comparative toxicity of silver nanoparticles and bio-productivity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) in embryo and adult stages. The present experimental study was carried out on 30 fertilized eggs and 30 adult zebrafish and the effects of chemical and bio-productivity of AgNPs were evaluated by brown seaweed (Sargassum boveanum) in evolutionary stages of the embryo and adult zebrafish with a control group and in incremental concentrations. The mortality rate was recorded at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after exposure and the data were analyzed by EPA Probit Analysis 1.5 and SPSS 19 softwares, using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test. The toxicity of both types of AgNPs in both evolutionary stages was increased with increasing concentrations and time (p<0.05). After 96 hours, the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) in adult fish was 0.788mg/l for chemical AgNPs and 0.409mg/l for bio-produced AgNPs. Mortality rate at the highest concentration (3mg/l) of AgNPs at 72 and 96 hours in all groups was 100%. Comparison of the toxicity result showed that the biosynthesis form of AgNPs is more toxic potential than chemical form of AgNPs. It seems the sensitivity of embryo stage to both of silver nanoparticles more than to mature stage.