Different Types of Nanocomposites Based on Nanoporous Coordination Polymers: A Review

Designing materials with a non-oxide structure with a fine porosity and nanoscale porosity are attractive because they are not generally limited to four-dimensional spatial networks of zeolites. The internal space of these types of nanoporous solids can be completely different in polarity, spatial position, performance, and reactivity, quite different from that of conventional aluminum silicate zeolites. Nanoporous coordination polymer or metal-organic framework (MOFs), are among the newest range of crystalline nanoporous materials, which have attracted wide attention to these days. The framework of these materials usually consists of metal ions and polydentate organic connectors. MOFs have unique properties such as low density, extremely high and tunable surface area, high porosity, high cavity volume, good thermal stability and easy synthesis, resulting in their widespread use in storage and separation of gases, as the drug delivery carrier, sensors, GC columns adsorbent, and etc. Each MOF-based composite shows a new material with particular functional properties. The remarkable new feature and the multi-purpose nature of the emerging MOF composites stimulate the emergence of innovative industrial applications in a wide range of important technological fields. In recent years, the research and use of a variety of nanocomposites based on MOF compounds have been improved for many uses of this material, for example in the storage and separation of gases, as heterogeneous catalysts, as membranes and sensors, and many other applications.