Argumentative sociology: A new approach to social theorizing

Theoretical controversies about the relationship between modern science and religion have created a kind of classification of social thinkers. In this regard we can name three macro approaches of modernistic science, modified science, and Islamic traditionalist. Each of these approaches have discussed the possibility of religious science in general and Islamic social science in particular, and all of them are relied on philosophical presumptions targeting characteristics of an ideal society. This has resulted in disagreement and lack of social perspective needed to social theorizing. "Argumentative sociology" is a new format of epistemology in the realm of philosophy of sociology considering cultural and social changes in the new era. Argumentative sociology, emphasizing on the philosophical presumptions of theories of sociology and indicating desirable features of society, suggests that, with the help of more rational-philosophical axioms, it is possible to evaluate philosophical foundations of the theories and reach more reliable results via "experimental syllogism."