Integrated control scheme for induction generator, fault current limiter, and energy storage in wind farms

One of main problems of power systems with doubly fed induction generators (DFIG)-based wind farms is their capability of fault ride through (FRT) and output power fluctuations. If these generators provide considerable amounts of power, their outage can lead to system instability. According to the new needs of network codes, wind farms should remain in the network when a fault causes the voltage drop across the generator terminals. To solve this problem, the superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is used for limiting the fault current and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) is used for injecting/withdrawing power to reduce power fluctuations. This article carries out the coordinated control of DFIG, SFCL, and SMES by employing the HBB-BC optimization algorithm. Its objective functions include minimization of the required storage core capacity, energy reduction, improvement of generators bus voltage, fault current limiting, reducing power fluctuations, and the generators angular velocity. Simulation results show the ability of this optimal controller in achieving the above indicated objectives.