Satire in the folk legends of animals (Comparative study of Satire in the stories of Panchatantra and Aesop's Fables)
Message:
Abstract:
Abstract “Kalila and Dimna” in Persian literature and “Aesop’s Fables” in ancient Greece are two examples of old works of the world’s literature and are classified as works falling within the domain of “animals allegorical fables”. In the present research, the application of satire as a genre of unserious speech which forms an artistic dimension of the two mentioned books is studied. For this purpose, allegorical narratives of the two books in terms of different techniques for creation of satire such as ethical-critical message, verbal satire, situation satire, specific meanings, characterization and … are studied, compared and clarified. The satire applied in “Aesop’s Fables” primarily focuses on demonstration of existing moral and social contradictions in society by profiting from metaphor and extension in verbal satire and situation satire which of course the brevity in length of fables and application of the brevity technique has helped eloquence and comical aspect of this type of satire. In “Kalilah and Dimnah” too, moral and social contradictions have been given attention to by satirical expression and its narratives’ satirical strength is originated from a variety of themes, characterizations as well as situation satire next to verbal satire, with this difference that in “Kalilah and Dimnah” with composition of Nasrollah Monshi, application of narrative-inside-narrative technique together with descriptions and metaphors and those groups of literally fineries which is characteristic to technical prose, made the narratives lengthy and decreased the effect of satire.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Comparative Literature Research, Volume:6 Issue: 4, 2019
Pages:
125 to 146
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