Obligations of Government Institutions in Crime Prevention A Comparative Study of International Experiences

While targeting human dignity and human security and fundamental human rights, the crimes threaten the security of the world and deprive right of human’s safety. Preventing crime is a very important national and international concern which should be addressed on this agenda by governments.  We are faced with new phenomena of crime in pursuit of globalization in the fields of economics, culture, politics and human rights, as well as criminal law and the emergence of some new crimes that have affected international peace and security. World crimes are divided into two categories. First is profiteering crimes and second is a violent crime (terrorist). In Iran, the importance of the prevention of crime is also predicted in fifth clause of principal 156 of the constitution and in the subset of the tasks of the judicial power but it is never took an operational form. In category of crime prevention, which is one of the important issues for governments in advance and somehow they have an extreme and great responsibilities in this area, government needs to general mobilization and coordination between all government institutions and administrative agencies. In international level, relevant assemblies especially United Nations with designing of five-year congresses to prevent crime and hold twelve congress from 1955 till now in addition providing opportunities for consultation of crime prevention specialists, it is also play the key role as policy-making institution. Therefore with a comparative look to this area, different countries in the field of crime prevention gained valuable experiences and achievements in implementing national crime prevention programs which are the appropriate patterns for implementation at the domestic level from point of view of many legal experts and pundits.