The Content Analysis of Elementary School Textbooks "Gifts of Heaven" Based on the Multiple Intelligence Components: The Shannon's Entropy Model

This study aimed to analyze the content of elementary school textbooks "Gifts of Heaven" based on the multiple intelligence components. The present study was a content analysis research that applied the Shannon's entropy model. The sample included all elementary school textbooks "Gifts of Heaven"; thus, a checklist of multiple intelligence components (Gardner and Fleetham) which its content validity had been verified by 5 experts was applied. The significance coefficient of each component is, respectively, as follows: the existential intelligence (0.121); bodily-kinesthetic, linguistic, and naturalistic intelligences (0.119); spatial intelligence (0.118); interpersonal intelligence (0.116); intrapersonal intelligence (0.115); logical-mathematical intelligence (0.108); and musical intelligence (0.064). The highest significance coefficient is related to the fourth and sixth grades of the elementary school with a significance coefficient of 0.206 and the lowest is related to the fifth grade of the elementary school with a significance coefficient of 0.191. Therefore, the balance of the content of elementary school textbooks "Gifts of Heaven" has not been respected