The Impact of Effective Microorganisms and Enriched Vermiwash with Different Methods of Plant Nutrition on the Oil Yield in Sunflower

Use of integrated plant nutrition methods could improve the quantity and quality of crops. This study was carried out in order to study of effects of effective microorganisms and enriched vermiwash with different methods of plant nutrition on sunflower yield in during 2013. The experiment was done as a factorial arrangement of treatments, in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Treatments consisted of different nutrition methods [N1= 300kg ha-1 Urea (Control), N2= 50% of nutrition by Urea + 50% of nutrition by FAM (15ton ha-1), N3= 50% of nutrition by FAM + 50% of nutrition by nitrogen fixation of Phaseolus sp.), N4= 50% of nutrition by Urea + 50% of nutrition by nitrogen fixation of Phaseolus sp.) and foliar spray of plant bio-stimulants (B1= Foliar with vermiwash, B2= Foliar with enrich vermiwash, B3= Foliar with bioferment, B4= Foliar with effective microorganisms + quail egg). The results indicated that the foliar spray of plant bio-stimulants caused marked changes in characteristics such as number of green leaf, dry biomass, harvest index of head, oil yield, hectoliter weight and nitrogen use efficiency. The maximum and minimum of nitrogen use efficiency (16.72 and 11.02%) were obtained with the (50% of nutrition by animal manure + 50% of nutrition by nitrogen fixation of phaseolus) and (50% of nutrition by animal manure + 50% of nutrition by 150kg ha-1 Urea) treatments, respectively. Furthermore, in the treatments of bio-stimulat levels, the most and least amounts of nitrogen use efficiency with averages of 15.46 and 12.59% were obtained with foliar spray of (effective microorganism + quail egg) and enriched vermiwash, respectively.